![]() ![]() Thus, shift workers that have a large discrepancy between their social schedule and their biological time may be awake and working at a time when circadian regulation of core body temperature, mood and performance are at a nadir, thereby contributing to maladaptation and unhealthiness. One hypothesis is that there is a discrepancy between environmentally- imposed rest-activity cycles and the endogenous circadian clock in shift workers. Together, these results suggest that identifying factors that contribute to poor sleep timing and sleep quality of night shift workers could be important for ameliorating their health and adaptation to the night shift. Male rotating shift workers of various occupations as well as male and female shift work nurses are more likely to develop metabolic syndrome (MS) over a 4/5-year period than day-shift controls. In women, shift workers have a higher incidence of obesity and high blood pressure, endometriosis as well as breast cancer. ![]() In one study, approximately 14% of night shift workers had symptoms that met the criteria for “shift work sleep disorder”, and nearly a third of the shift work sleep disorder workers were depressed. Misalignment that is a consequence of shift work is associated with an increased risk of developing cardiovascular/metabolic/gastrointestinal disorders, some types of cancer, and mental disorders,. When behavior and sleep/wake patterns are out of sync with the endogenous clock and/or the environment, such as during shift work, circadian misalignment can result. Sleep/wake patterns, hormone levels, and physiological processes such as core body temperature and heart rate are controlled by a daily biological clock. ![]() The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.Ĭompeting interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. Dan Roden), and grants from the National Institute of Mental Health (R01 MH043836 and R21 MH082258 to CHJ, P50 MH07080828 to DGM, and K99 GM086683 to KLG). ![]() This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.įunding: This research was supported by a Discovery Grant from Vanderbilt University, a grant from the National Center for Research Resources of the National Institutes of Health to Vanderbilt's General Clinical Research Center (M01 RR-00095), the Vanderbilt Joint Center for Nursing Research, U01 HL065962 (to Dr. Received: OctoAccepted: MaPublished: April 13, 2011Ĭopyright: © 2011 Gamble et al. PLoS ONE 6(4):Įditor: Namni Goel, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, United States of America (2011) Shift Work in Nurses: Contribution of Phenotypes and Genotypes to Adaptation. Citation: Gamble KL, Motsinger-Reif AA, Hida A, Borsetti HM, Servick SV, Ciarleglio CM, et al. ![]()
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